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Nazım Hikmet was a Turkish poet, playwright, and novelist. He was born on January 20, 1902, in Thessaloniki, Ottoman Empire (now Greece), and died on June 3, 1963, in Moscow, Soviet Union (now Russia). He is considered to be one of the most significant poets of the 20th century.

After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Nazım Hikmet's family moved to Istanbul. He studied at the Galatasaray High School and then at the Istanbul Technical University. During his university years, he became interested in communist ideas and politics, which would become a central theme in his writing.

In 1921, he was arrested for his involvement in the Turkish communist movement and spent some time in prison. After his release, he left Turkey and lived in the Soviet Union, where he continued to write poetry and plays. He returned to Turkey in 1928 but was immediately arrested and sent back to the Soviet Union. He lived in Moscow for the rest of his life, becoming a citizen of the Soviet Union.

Nazım Hikmet's poetry was influenced by the works of Walt Whitman and Vladimir Mayakovsky, and he was known for using free verse and experimental forms. His most famous works include Human Landscapes from My Country, The Epic of Sheikh Bedreddin, and Memleketimden Insan Manzaraları (Human Landscapes from My Country).

Despite his long exile and political persecution, Nazım Hikmet remained popular in Turkey and played an important role in the country's cultural and literary development. Today, he is celebrated as a national literary figure in Turkey.